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Corn genetics - so many baby corns!

As a preview to the future unit on plant reproduction, note that corn make two distint types of flowers - one male (seen by the tassels) and one female (seen by the silks).  An ear of corn is actually a collection of over a hundred offspring, neatly packaged onto a cob, able to be stored long term, perfect for studying genetics.  Each corn kernel (seed) has a dormant embryo and an enhanced nutritive layer known as the endosperm, which will support the growing embryo until it germinates and can begin providing for itself via photosynthesis.  (Seeds can also store fats/oils and proteins - think about the many different types of food products that come from these.)
Picture
Picture

A few notes about corn phenotypes...

In the simplest terms, color in the corn kernel (specifically in the endosperm layer) is purple (dominant allele, P) in the wild type.  Yellow corn is a mutant, albeit a more familiar form to most of us.  Similarly, the shape of the kernel is familiar to us as a smooth rounded shape in sweet corn.  But this is what is found in fresh corn.  If it is dried the water in the sugar solution will evaporate and leave a small residue of sugar and a "shrunken" appearance.  "Field corn," which is the predominant type of corn that you see growing along the highways, is not sweet, but starchy (containing at least one dominant Su allele).  So when it dries, the (larger volume of) insoluble starch remains and the kernel is smooth.  This field corn is destined to be consumed largely as animal feed, but also as raw material for biofuels, including fermentation processing.  So, the corn that comes to mind for most of us - sweet corn - is a mutant two ways - homozygous recessive for both color (pp) and shape (susu)!
Picture

Lab Instructions:

  • Collect data from the corn ears in class for each of these four categories:  purple starchy, purple sugary, yellow starchy, yellow sugary.
  • Pay attention to the effect of shriveling on the yellow color!
  • You may need to create a category for uncertainties.
  • Refer to the dihybrid cross Punnett Square on pea seed color and shape on the main genetics page.
  • Once you have collect data, use the slides below to help work through the application of a standard statistical test for distribution, chi-square test.

REPORT CONCLUSION  ONLY.  Include:
  • LIST OF STEPS TO TAKE TO MAKE DATA TABLE COMPLETE
  • ANALYSIS OF DATA AND CONCLUSION TO BE DRAWN FROM THEM (FOLLOW THROUGH CHI-SQUARED TEST BELOW IF YOU ARE INTERESTED)
  • EVALUATION OF THE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN, DATA COLLECTED, INCLUDING MULTIPLE TYPES OF EXPERIMENTAL ERROR
  • SUGGESTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS OF ALL TYPES (NOT JUST FOR HUMAN ERRORS)




The Chi-Squared Test from Stephen Taylor

Extension - Epigenetic Effects in Corn...where did the speckles come from??

Picture
Picture
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  • Home
  • SL Bio/Bio 2
    • SL/HL test review
    • SL Bio Blog/Review Discussion Site
    • Name that Sound
    • SL Bio - Topics >
      • Cells >
        • Surface Area/Volume Lab >
          • Types of Errors - more notes.
        • Processing Microscope Data
        • Soap Bubble Membranes
        • Plasmolysis Lab
        • Surface Area/Volume LabHL16 >
          • Types of Errors - more notes.
        • Cell Cycle Timing Lab
      • Biochemistry >
        • Enzyme Lab
        • Photosynthesis Lab
      • Genetics
      • Evolution
      • Ecology SL/Bio2
      • Physiology >
        • Sheep Heart dissection
        • Sheep Brain Dissection
      • SL Option A Neurobiology
  • SL Bio/Bio 2 (pre-2015 exams)
    • SL Bio - Topics >
      • Evolution >
        • Natural Selection Web Activities
        • Paper Worm Simulation - Data Collection and Processing
        • Coacervate Lab
        • Hominid Evolution - Skull Lab
      • Classification
      • Biochemistry >
        • Surface Tension Lab
        • Molecules of Life - Modeling Activity
        • Jmol molecule visualizations
        • Playdough and Toobers!
        • Enzyme Lab
      • SL Genetics >
        • Sockosomes/Chromosocks
      • Biotechnology >
        • DNA gel
        • Bacterial transformation lab
      • Physiology >
        • Digestion
        • Circulation/Gas Exchange >
          • Sheep Heart dissection
        • Nervous system
        • Nutrition - Option A
        • Defense Against Disease
        • Reproduction
      • Ecology >
        • Ecology DBQ practice
        • Population Growth Simulation
        • Emerging Disease Webquest
  • HL BIo Year 1 (pre-2015 exams)
    • Year 1 - Topics >
      • Cells >
        • Processing Microscope Data
        • Surface Area/Volume Lab >
          • Types of Errors - more notes.
        • Plasmolysis Lab
        • Cell Cycle Timing Lab
      • Biochemistry >
        • Surface Tension Lab
        • Molecules of Life - Modeling Activity
        • Jmol molecule visualizations
        • Playdough and Toobers!
        • Race for the Double Helix movie
        • Extraction
      • Metabolism >
        • Enzyme Lab
        • Photosynthesis/Respiration Lab
      • Genetics >
        • Sockosomes/Chromosocks
        • Corn genetics
        • Make a Face
      • Biotechnology >
        • DNA gel
        • Bacterial transformation lab
      • Ecology >
        • Ecology DBQ practice
        • Emerging Disease Webquest
        • Symbiosis in Termites
        • Population Growth Simulation
    • MSON Bioethics >
      • Ethics in Scientific Research
      • Bioethics Films
  • HL Bio Year 1
    • Year One Blog/Review Discussion SIte
    • Year 1 - Topics >
      • EvolutionHL2016
      • CellsHL2016 >
        • Cells: Class Flip Videos
        • Processing Microscope Data HL16
  • HL Bio Year 2
    • SL/HL test review
    • Year Two Blog/Review Discussion Site
    • Ecology Summer Work
    • Year 2 - Topics >
      • Plants
      • Biotechnology_ >
        • DNA gel_
        • Bacterial transformation lab_
        • Microarray
        • Natural Cloning
      • Physiology >
        • Sheep Heart dissection
        • Kidney Dissection
        • Sheep Brain Dissection
        • Chicken Wing Dissection
        • Sea Urchin Embryology
  • HL Bio Year 2 (pre-2015 exam)
    • Year 2 - Topics >
      • Evolution >
        • Natural Selection Web Activities
        • Paper Worm Simulation - Data Collection and Processing
        • Coacervate Lab
        • Hominid Evolution - Skull Lab
      • Phylogeny >
        • Constructing Cladograms
      • Plants >
        • Comparative look at animal developmental switches
        • Plant Microscope exercise
        • Plant Hormone Lab
        • Transpiration Lab
        • Plants and Micrographic Art
        • Plants and Human Art
      • Neurobiology >
        • Preview Topics
        • Neuron Action Potential Simulation
        • Connectome
        • Sheep Brain Dissection
        • Cow Eye Dissection
        • Invertebrate Behavior Lab
        • Altered Reality
        • Human Behavior Lab
      • Physiology >
        • Digestion Demos
        • Sheep Heart dissection
        • Blood typing
        • Kidney Dissection
        • AIDS Global Awareness
        • Virtual ELISA
        • Film - Politics, People and Science of AIDS
        • Chicken Wing Dissection
        • Sea Urchin Embryology
      • Review Project >
        • Review assignments, written by HL students
        • Web 2.0 Tools
  • IB Connections
    • TOK Connections >
      • Natural Sciences - TOK
    • MYP reference site
    • Extended Essay in Biology
    • Group 4 Project
    • Internal Assessment - 1st and 2nd year >
      • Advice on Internal Assessment
      • Uncertainty in calculations
      • t test/TI 83/excel
      • tips on mac excel graphs
      • Notes from IB worldwide report
      • Lab photo album
    • Advice for IB Papers >
      • Advice on IB Examinations
    • IB Learner Profile - How does HL Bio fit in?
  • Resources
    • for our SL friends
    • BioNinja
    • iBiology
    • Click4biology
    • Biozone Weblinks
    • IB Biology video review
    • Smullen Powerpoint
    • Wapole text
    • IB Guides
    • Recommended biology tutorials (besides IB)
    • Practice Tests/Exam Dates/Review Materials >
      • Review assignments, written by HL students
      • Knowledge audits
      • Biology Narratives - Review Activity
      • Organizational review assignment
      • Year 1 Final Review
      • Quizlets and Other Shared Reviews
  • Clubs and Committees
    • Science Olympiad >
      • 2012 Science Olympiad Team in action
      • Photos from the 2013 Olympiad
    • Bioethics Bowl >
      • Villanova Bioethics Competition >
        • Team Pictures - 2012
      • Peace and Ecology Committee
  • Biotechnology